Many diseases are directly or indirectly related to impure water and contaminated food , and care should be taken over what you eat and drink. With a little common sense, it's quite easy to establish whether food is fresh or not, and always ensure that it's properly cooked. Special caution should be taken with seafood, especially shellfish - don't eat anything that's at all suspicious. Fruit and salad ingredients should be washed in bottled or purified water or, preferably, peeled. Ultimately you are going to run some risks with food, so if you're going to enjoy your stay to the full, there's no sense in being too paranoid. Even in the most remote towns and villages mineral water ( água mineral), either sparkling ( com gás) or still ( sem gás), is easily available and cheap. To avoid dehydration be sure to drink plenty of non-alcoholic liquids, always carry a bottle of water on long trips and check that the seal on any bottled water you use is intact. As with food, it's difficult to be on guard all the time; fruit juices are more often than not diluted, at best with only filtered water, and while it is wise to avoid ice in general this is well-nigh impossible